Comparison of brain gray matter volume changes in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease: a VBM study

Fenglin Xiao; Lili Zhou; Yan Li; Chaoyang Zhang; Ying Liu; Huan Yu; Xiaoping Li; Chunyu Wang; Xinxin Yin; Xin Gao

doi:10.3389/fnins.2024.1394169

Comparison of brain gray matter volume changes in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease: a VBM study

Front Neurosci. 2024 Apr 26:18:1394169. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1394169. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Fenglin Xiao¹, Lili Zhou², Yan Li³, Chaoyang Zhang¹, Ying Liu⁴, Huan Yu⁴, Xiaoping Li⁴, Chunyu Wang⁴, Xinxin Yin⁴, Xin Gao⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, Beijing, China.
² 7th Department of Health Cadre, The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
³ Department of Radiology, The 941th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Xining, China.
⁴ Department of Nephrology, Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing, China.
⁵ Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to compare gray matter volume changes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).

Methods: A total of 27 PD patients, 25 HD patients, and 42 healthy controls were included. VBM analysis was performed, and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). The correlation between cognitive function and changes in brain gray matter volume was analyzed.

Results: Both peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients had partial gray matter volume reduction compared to the controls, but the affected brain regions were not uniform. The hemodialysis patients had greater volume reduction in certain brain regions than the PD patients. The MMSE and MoCA scores were positively correlated with gray matter volume changes.

Conclusion: Different dialysis modalities cause damage to specific areas of the brain, which can be detected using VBM. VBM, combined with cognitive function assessment, can help detect structural brain changes and cognitive impairment in patients with different dialysis modalities. The comprehensive application of VBM in the field of neurological function deserves further exploration.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; cognitive impairment; hemodialysis; peritoneal dialysis; voxel morphometry.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was funded by the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology Project (21Y11906100), a Research project of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (20224Y0340 and 2022JC017), and the Scientific Research Subjects of Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Technology (UV2021Z01, UV2022M06, UV2023Z01 and UV2024M03).