Ibandronate sodium, a third-generation diphosphate drug used worldwide to treat osteoporosis, has the advantages of convenient use, low toxicity, and significant therapeutic effects. However, the residual organic solvents in the synthesis process of sodium ibandronate not only have a negative impact on the efficacy of the drug, but also lead to a decrease in drug stability. Moreover, if the residual amounts of these solvents exceed safety standards, they may pose serious threats to human health. This study successfully established a convenient and efficient method based on headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) for the simultaneous determination of five residual solvents (methanol, acetone, benzene, toluene, 1-pentanol) in the raw materials of ibandronate sodium. The results indicated that satisfactory analytical performance can be achieved by using DB-624 capillary column (30 m×0.32 mm×1.8 μm) and a flame ionization detector in conjunction with headspace autosampling and a temperature program. The specific operating conditions included an initial temperature of 40 ℃, with a hold of 2 min, followed by a temperature ramp first to 200 ℃ at a rate of 5 ℃/min and then to 240 ℃ at a rate of 20 ℃/min, with a hold of 5 min. Nitrogen with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and split ratio of 14∶1 was used as the carrier gas. The headspace vial temperature was maintained at 80 ℃, and the sample equilibration time was 20 min. Under the established analytical conditions, good linear relationships were obtained between the mass concentrations of methanol (72-216 μg/mL), acetone (120-360 μg/mL), benzene (0.048-0.144 μg/mL), toluene (21.36-64.08 μg/mL), and 1-pentanol (120-360 μg/mL) and their corresponding peak areas, with correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.990. The limits of detection for these solvents were 2.88, 0.011, 0.90, 0.24, and 0.024 ng/mL, respectively, with limits of quantification of 11.5, 0.043, 3.6, 0.96, and 0.096 ng/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the recoveries of these solvents ranged from 86.3% to 101.9%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=3) of less than 2.49%. The proposed method is simple, accurate, reliable, and suitable for the rapid and simultaneous determination of five residual solvents in the raw materials of ibandronate sodium. This study has important practical significance in improving drug safety and ensuring public health.
采用顶空-气相色谱建立了同时测定伊班膦酸钠原料药中5种残留溶剂含量的方法。以Agilent DB-624毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.32 mm×1.8 μm)为分离柱,考察了顶空平衡温度、平衡时间等对残留溶剂测定的影响。实验结果表明,在顶空平衡温度为80 ℃、平衡时间为20 min的条件下,甲醇、丙酮、苯、甲苯、1-戊醇的质量浓度与峰面积之间存在良好的线性关系,相关系数r值均大于0.990。各溶剂的检出限依次为2.88、0.011、0.90、0.24、0.024 ng/mL,定量限依次为11.5、0.043、3.6、0.96、0.096 ng/mL。各溶剂的回收率为86.3%~101.9%,相对标准偏差(n=3)均小于2.49%。该方法操作简便、准确可靠,适用于伊班膦酸钠原料药中5种残留溶剂的同时快速测定。
Keywords: 1-pentanol; headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC); ibandronate sodium; residual solvents.