Dental biomaterials redefined: molecular docking and dynamics-driven dental resin composite optimization

BMC Oral Health. 2024 May 13;24(1):557. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04343-1.

Abstract

Background: Dental resin-based composites are widely recognized for their aesthetic appeal and adhesive properties, which make them integral to modern restorative dentistry. Despite their advantages, adhesion and biomechanical performance challenges persist, necessitating innovative strategies for improvement. This study addressed the challenges associated with adhesion and biomechanical properties in dental resin-based composites by employing molecular docking and dynamics simulation.

Methods: Molecular docking assesses the binding energies and provides valuable insights into the interactions between monomers, fillers, and coupling agents. This investigation prioritizes SiO2 and TRIS, considering their consistent influence. Molecular dynamics simulations, executed with the Forcite module and COMPASS II force field, extend the analysis to the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. The simulations encompassed energy minimization, controlled NVT and NPT ensemble simulations, and equilibration stages. Notably, the molecular dynamics simulations spanned a duration of 50 ns.

Results: SiO2 and TRIS consistently emerged as influential components, showcasing their versatility in promoting solid interactions. A correlation matrix underscores the significant roles of van der Waals and desolvation energies in determining the overall binding energy. Molecular dynamics simulations provide in-depth insights into the mechanical properties of dental composite complexes. HEMA-SiO2-TRIS excelled in stiffness, BisGMA-SiO2-TRIS prevailed in terms of flexural strength, and EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS offered a balanced combination of mechanical properties.

Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing dental composites tailored to diverse clinical requirements. While EBPADMA-SiO2-TRIS demonstrates distinct strengths, this study emphasizes the need for further research. Future investigations should validate the computational findings experimentally and assess the material's response to dynamic environmental factors.

Keywords: Biomaterial; Dental resin composite; In silico; Molecular docking; Molecular dynamics.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acrylic Resins / chemistry
  • Biocompatible Materials* / chemistry
  • Composite Resins* / chemistry
  • Dental Materials / chemistry
  • Methacrylates / chemistry
  • Molecular Docking Simulation*
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation*
  • Polyethylene Glycols / chemistry
  • Polymethacrylic Acids / chemistry
  • Polyurethanes / chemistry
  • Silicon Dioxide* / chemistry

Substances

  • Composite Resins
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Dental Materials
  • Methacrylates
  • Polyurethanes
  • Polymethacrylic Acids
  • triethylene glycol dimethacrylate
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Acrylic Resins
  • Composite Dental Resin