Beta Cyclodextrin Conjugated Au-Fe3O4 Janus Nanoparticles with Enhanced Chemo-Photothermal Therapy Performance

Sumin Park; Jaeyeop Choi; Namsuk Ko; Sudip Mondal; Umapada Pal; Byeong-Il Lee; Junghwan Oh

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.008

Beta Cyclodextrin Conjugated Au-Fe₃O₄ Janus Nanoparticles with Enhanced Chemo-Photothermal Therapy Performance

Acta Biomater. 2024 May 9:S1742-7061(24)00251-4. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.008. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Sumin Park¹, Jaeyeop Choi², Namsuk Ko¹, Sudip Mondal³, Umapada Pal⁴, Byeong-Il Lee⁵, Junghwan Oh⁶

Affiliations

¹ Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
² Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
³ Digital Healthcare Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Institute of Physics, Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, 72570, Mexico.
⁵ Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Digital Healthcare Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: bilee@pknu.ac.kr.
⁶ Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Smart Gym-Based Translational Research Center for Active Senior's Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Digital Healthcare Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Ohlabs Corp., Busan 48513, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jungoh@pknu.ac.kr.

PMID: 38734286
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.008

Abstract

The strategic integration of multi-functionalities within a singular nanoplatform has received growing attention for enhancing treatment efficacy, particularly in chemo-photothermal therapy. This study introduces a comprehensive concept of Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) composed of Au and Fe₃O₄ nanostructures intricately bonded with β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) to encapsulate 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Ibuprofen (IBU). This strategic structure is engineered to exploit the synergistic effects of chemo-photothermal therapy, underscored by their exceptional biocompatibility and photothermal conversion efficiency (∼32.88%). Furthermore, these β-CD-conjugated JNPs enhance photodynamic therapy by generating singlet oxygen (¹O₂) species, offering a multi-modality approach to cancer eradication. Computer simulation results were in good agreement with in vitro and in vivo assays. Through these studies, we were able to prove the improved tumor ablation ability of the drug-loaded β-CD-conjugated JNPs, without inducing adverse effects in tumor-bearing nude mice. The findings underscore a formidable tumor ablation potency of β-CD-conjugated Au-Fe₃O₄ JNPs, heralding a new era in achieving nuanced, highly effective, and side-effect-free cancer treatment modalities. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The emergence of multifunctional nanoparticles marks a pivotal stride in cancer therapy research. This investigation unveils Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) amalgamating gold (Au), iron oxide (Fe₃O₄), and β-cyclodextrins (β-CD), encapsulating 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Ibuprofen (IBU) for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy. Demonstrating both biocompatibility and potent photothermal properties (∼32.88%), these JNPs present a promising avenue for cancer treatment. Noteworthy is their heightened photodynamic efficiency and remarkable tumor ablation capabilities observed in vitro and in vivo, devoid of adverse effects. Furthermore, computational simulations validate their interactions with cancer cells, bolstering their utility as an emerging therapeutic modality. This endeavor pioneers a secure and efficacious strategy for cancer therapy, underscoring the significance of β-CD-conjugated Au-Fe₃O₄ JNPs as innovative nanoplatforms with profound implications for the advancement of cancer therapy.

Keywords: Beta-cyclodextrin; Cancer therapy; Chemo-photothermal therapy; Drug delivery; Janus nanoparticle.