Retrolabyrinthine approach to the lateral skull base: The value of preoperative temporal bone CT analysis

Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed). 2024 May 8:S2173-5735(24)00049-8. doi: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.03.001. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Purpose: The most used neurosurgical approach to reach cerebellar-pontine angle is the retrosigmoid route. This article describes the presigmoid approach which requires excellent knowledge of the labyrinthine block together with quantitative analysis of temporal bone CT.

Methods: CT-based quantitative measurements were obtained in patients undergoing vestibular neurectomy with a presigmoid approach. Eighteen patients were enrolled, and five measures were taken: Trautmann's area, the petro-clival angle, presigmoid dura length and its angle. The relationship between these measurements and hospitalization days, operating times, and complications was explored.

Results: The posterior semicircilar canal (PSC)-sigmoid sinus (SS) distance, presigmoid dura- internal auditory canal (IAC)-PSC angle, and duration of surgery are predictors of complications. Specifically, a PSC-sigmoid sinus distance <11 mm, a dura presig-IAC-PSC angle <14 are associated with the highest risk of complications.

Conclusion: Preoperative temporal bone CT scan can guide the surgeon through the narrowest areas of the surgical approach. Trautmann's triangle area and petro-clival angle reduction are challenging and can be faced with combined microscopic-endoscopic technique, and with optics angulation-rotation. The retrolabyrinthine approach can enable hearing preservation and minimal cerebellar retraction.

Keywords: Canales semicirculares; Cerebellopontine angle; Cirugía de la base del cráneo; Enfoque presigmoideo; Presigmoid approach; Semicircular canals; Skull base surgery; Ángulo cerebelopontino.