The use of probiotics to improve bacterial flora and achieve control of diarrheal episodes is a common practice in outpatients and hospitalized patients. In most cases, related adverse events are few and not life-threatening. However, cases of bacteremia associated with the use of these substances have been described, mainly in the pediatric population in which their prescription is more common. Cases of bacteremia and sepsis have also been documented in immunocompetent and immunocompromised adult patients following the use of probiotics. We present the report of two patients who, in the context of diarrhea, received probiotics with Bacillus clausii spores during their stay in the intensive care unit. They subsequently developed sepsis and blood-culture-documented bacteremia. Both patients were treated with daptomycin as the final treatment regimen.
Keywords: bacillus clausii; bacteremia; case report; daptomycin; probiotic; sepsis.
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