Background and aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) promote weight loss by suppressing appetite, enhancing satiety, regulating glucose metabolism and delaying gastric motility. We sought to determine whether GLP-1 RA use could impact sedated medical procedures like esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 35,183 patients who underwent EGD between 2019 and 2023, 922 of which were using a GLP-1-RA. Data were collected regarding demographics, diabetes status, retained gastric contents during EGD (RGC), incidence of aborted EGD, and necessity for repeat EGD.
Results: GLP-1 RA use was associated with a fourfold increase in the retention of gastric contents (p<0.0001), fourfold higher rates of aborted EGD (p<0.0001), and twice the likelihood of requiring repeat EGD (p=0.0001), even after stratifying for presence of diabetes.
Conclusions: GLP-1 RA use can lead to delayed gastric emptying, affecting EGD adequacy regardless of the presence of diabetes, and may warrant dose adjustment to improve safety and efficacy of these procedures.
Keywords: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD); GLP-1 RA; Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; delayed gastric motility; gastroparesis; obesity.
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