Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Antioxidants Extraction from Blackberry, Chokeberry and Raspberry Pomaces

Iga Piasecka; Rita Brzezińska; Stanisław Kalisz; Artur Wiktor; Agata Górska

doi:10.3390/plants13081120

Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Antioxidants Extraction from Blackberry, Chokeberry and Raspberry Pomaces

Plants (Basel). 2024 Apr 17;13(8):1120. doi: 10.3390/plants13081120.

Authors

Iga Piasecka¹, Rita Brzezińska¹, Stanisław Kalisz², Artur Wiktor³, Agata Górska¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
² Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
³ Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.

Abstract

An investigation of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenol-rich aqueous extracts from blackberry, chokeberry and raspberry pomaces was carried out. The aim of the study was to choose optimal conditions for UAE in order to obtain extracts rich in phenolic compounds. The optimization was carried out based on response surface methodology. The variable conditions were amplitude of ultrasound wave and extraction time, whereas responses were total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. Based on the ANOVA analysis, mathematical models were fitted and verified. The most effective conditions of amplitude and time were 98% and 5.00 min, 78% and 10.32 min and 90% and 11.56 min for blackberry pomace, chokeberry pomace and raspberry pomace, respectively. The actual results obtained in optimized conditions were comparable to the results predicted by the models. Additionally, the anthocyanin content in extracts was determined in the high-performance liquid chromatography assay. It was proven that response surface methodology could be a useful tool in the optimization of UAE processes for obtaining polyphenol-rich extracts from berry fruit pomaces.

Keywords: by-products; polyphenols; pomace; response surface methodology; ultrasound-assisted extraction.

Grants and funding

Some research equipment was purchased as part of the “Food and Nutrition Centre—modernisation of the WULS campus to create a Food and Nutrition Research and Development Centre (CŻiŻ)”, co-financed by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund under the Regional Operational Programme of the Mazowieckie Voivodeship for 2014–2020 (Project No. RPMA.01.01.00-14-8276/17).