Serum phosphorus concentration and its association with the degree and pattern of intracranial arterial calcification

Xuelong Li; Heng Du; Yangyang Cheng; Xianliang Li; Qingchun Gao; Xiangyan Chen

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.013

Serum phosphorus concentration and its association with the degree and pattern of intracranial arterial calcification

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024 Mar 15:S0939-4753(24)00115-7. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.013. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Xuelong Li¹, Heng Du², Yangyang Cheng³, Xianliang Li⁴, Qingchun Gao⁵, Xiangyan Chen⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: xuelong.li@connect.polyu.hk.
² Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: ruowang.du@connect.polyu.hk.
³ Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: yangyang.cheng@connect.polyu.hk.
⁴ Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: lxlgz1972@126.com.
⁵ Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: qcgao@263.net.
⁶ Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address: fiona.chen@polyu.edu.hk.

PMID: 38664122
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.013

Abstract

Background and aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether the serum phosphorus concentrations (SPC) are associated with the degree and pattern of intracranial arterial calcification (IAC) in patients with normal renal function or mild-moderate renal impairment.

Methods and results: A total of 513 patients were enrolled in this study. The degree of IAC measured by IAC scores was evaluated on non-contrast head computed tomography (CT) images and IAC was classified as intimal or medial calcification. Study participants were classified according to IAC degrees (mild, moderate and severe) and patterns (intimal and medial calcification). A multivariate regression model was used to assess the independent relationship of SPC with IAC scores and patterns. Of 513 study participants (mean [SD] age, 68.3 [10.3] years; 246 females [48%]), the mean SPC was 1.07 ± 0.17 mmol/L and IAC scores was 4.0 (3.0-5.0). Multivariate analysis showed that higher serum phosphorus was a significant risk factor for moderate/severe IAC in both patients with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m² (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.59; P < 0.05) and eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.04-3.57; P < 0.05), when those with mild IAC were considered as the reference group. However, higher SPC was associated with an increased odds of medial calcification only in patients with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m² (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.61).

Conclusions: High levels of serum phosphorus were positively correlated with the degree of IAC, and this significant effect on medial IAC was only present in patients with impaired renal function (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m²).

Keywords: Intimal calcification; Intracranial artery calcification; Medial calcification; Renal function; Serum phosphorus concentration.