Evaluation of serum CA125, HE4 and CA724 and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm score in the diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Deyu Hu; Jun Qian; Fenghua Yin; Bing Wei; Jiayu Wang; Huijuan Zhang; Haiou Yang

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.022

Evaluation of serum CA125, HE4 and CA724 and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm score in the diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2024 Apr 18:297:170-175. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.022. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Deyu Hu¹, Jun Qian¹, Fenghua Yin¹, Bing Wei¹, Jiayu Wang¹, Huijuan Zhang², Haiou Yang³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Pathology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: haiouyang2006@126.com.

PMID: 38663180
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.04.022

Abstract

Aim: To develop a new algorithm for the detection of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

Methods: Patients diagnosed with HGSOC, borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) or benign ovarian masses (BOMs) were enrolled between February 2019 and December 2020. Patients with BOTs or BOMs were grouped as non-HGSOC. The cases were divided randomly into a training cohort (two-thirds of cases) and a validation cohort (one-third of cases). Logistic regression was used to find risk factors for HGSOC and to create a new algorithm in the training cohort. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to compare the diagnostic value of tumour biomarkers. Sensitivity and specificity of tumour markers and the new algorithm were calculated in the training cohort and validation cohort.

Results: This study found significant differences in age; BRCA1/2 mutation status; CA125, CA724 and HE4 levels; and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm score between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis showed that CA125 and BRCA1/2 were risk factors for HGSOC. A new algorithm combining CA125 and BRCA1/2 increased the specificity of CA125 for diagnosis of HGSOC. The new algorithm had sensitivity of 81.08% and specificity of 93.10% in the training cohort.

Conclusion: The new algorithm using CA125 and BRCA1/2 helped to distinguish between patients with HGSOC and patients with non-HGSOC.

Keywords: BRCA1/2; CA125; High-grade serous ovarian cancer.