Electrocardiogram Features in Non-Cardiac Diseases: From Mechanisms to Practical Aspects

Alexandr Ceasovschih; Victorița Șorodoc; Serghei Covantsev; Anastasia Balta; Jamol Uzokov; Sergio E Kaiser; Abdallah Almaghraby; Cătălina Lionte; Cristian Stătescu; Radu A Sascău; Viviana Onofrei; Raluca Ecaterina Haliga; Alexandra Stoica; Cristina Bologa; Ștefan Ailoaei; Yusuf Ziya Şener; Nicholas G Kounis; Laurențiu Șorodoc

doi:10.2147/JMDH.S445549

Electrocardiogram Features in Non-Cardiac Diseases: From Mechanisms to Practical Aspects

J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024 Apr 20:17:1695-1719. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S445549. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Alexandr Ceasovschih^#^{1

2}, Victorița Șorodoc^{1

2}, Serghei Covantsev^#³, Anastasia Balta^#^{1

2}, Jamol Uzokov^#⁴, Sergio E Kaiser⁵, Abdallah Almaghraby⁶, Cătălina Lionte^{1

2}, Cristian Stătescu^{1

7}, Radu A Sascău^{1

7}, Viviana Onofrei^{1

8}, Raluca Ecaterina Haliga^#^{1

2}, Alexandra Stoica^#^{1

2}, Cristina Bologa^{1

2}, Ștefan Ailoaei⁷, Yusuf Ziya Şener⁹, Nicholas G Kounis¹⁰, Laurențiu Șorodoc^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.
² 2nd Internal Medicine Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania.
³ Department of Research and Clinical Development, Botkin Hospital, Moscow, Russia.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Republican Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Center of Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
⁵ Discipline of Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
⁶ Department of Cardiology, Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaidallah Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
⁷ Department of Cardiology, "Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu" Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Iasi, Romania.
⁸ Department of Cardiology, "Sf. Spiridon" Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania.
⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye.
¹⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Despite the noteworthy advancements and the introduction of new technologies in diagnostic tools for cardiovascular disorders, the electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a reliable, easily accessible, and affordable tool to use. In addition to its crucial role in cardiac emergencies, ECG can be considered a very useful ancillary tool for the diagnosis of many non-cardiac diseases as well. In this narrative review, we aimed to explore the potential contributions of ECG for the diagnosis of non-cardiac diseases such as stroke, migraine, pancreatitis, Kounis syndrome, hypothermia, esophageal disorders, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary diseases, electrolyte disturbances, anemia, coronavirus disease 2019, different intoxications and pregnancy.

Keywords: ECG; electrocardiogram; electrocardiography; features; non-cardiac diseases.

Publication types

Review