Graphene-doped silicon-carbon materials with multi-interface structures for lithium-ion battery anodes

Xin Li; Kun Li; Man Yuan; Jiapeng Zhang; Haiyan Liu; Ang Li; Xiaohong Chen; Huaihe Song

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.113

Graphene-doped silicon-carbon materials with multi-interface structures for lithium-ion battery anodes

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2024 Aug:667:470-477. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.113. Epub 2024 Apr 17.

Authors

Xin Li¹, Kun Li¹, Man Yuan¹, Jiapeng Zhang¹, Haiyan Liu², Ang Li¹, Xiaohong Chen¹, Huaihe Song³

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
² National Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification and Coal-Based Advanced Materials, Shandong Energy Group CO., Ltd, Jinan, PR China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China. Electronic address: songhh@mail.buct.edu.cn.

PMID: 38648703
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.113

Abstract

The carbon nanomaterials are usually used to improve the electrical conductivity and stability of silicon (Si) anodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, the Si-based composites containing carbon nanomaterials generally show large specific surface area, leading to severe side reactions that generate large amounts of solid electrolyte interphase films. Herein, we embedded graphene oxide (GO) and silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) uniformly in pitch matrix by solvent dispersion. The internally doped GO reduces the exposed surface and improves the electrical conductivity of the composite. Meanwhile, the multi-interface structures are constructed inside to limit the domains of Si NPs and improve the structural stability of the material. When evaluated as anodes, the Si/graphene/pitch-based carbon composite anode exhibits the outstanding electrochemical properties, delivering a reversible capacity of 820.8 mAh/g at 50 mA g^-1, as well as a capacity retention of 93.6 % after 1000 cycles at 2 A/g. In addition, when assembled with the LiFePO₄ cathode, the full cell exhibits an impressive capacity retention of 95 % after 100 cycles at 85 mA g^-1. This work provides a valuable design concept for the development of Si/carbon anodes.

Keywords: Lithium-ion batteries; Multi-interface structures; Silicon/carbon composites.