Strategies and Interventions to Support Quality Outcomes in the Home Care Setting: A Longitudinal Multilevel Study

Abstract

Background: The relationship between the practice environment, empowerment, and outcomes such as quality of care, job satisfaction, and intent to stay has been extensively studied in healthcare settings, including hospitals and long-term care facilities. Research consistently demonstrates that a positive practice environment, characterized by supportive leadership, adequate resources, and opportunities for professional growth, are associated with better quality of care, increased job satisfaction, and higher intent to stay among healthcare professionals. Limited knowledge exists regarding the specific relationship between the practice environment, empowerment, and these outcomes within home care organizations.

Objective: This study assesses the impact of strategies on nurse practice environment, social capital, decision latitude, workload, care quality, job satisfaction, and retention in a Belgian home healthcare organization.

Methods: A longitudinal survey was conducted in a home healthcare organization, with data collected at 3 time points: baseline (T1) (2015), T2 (2018), and T3 (2021).

Results: In T3, respondents reported significantly higher scores for departmental and general management compared with T1. The interventions led to significant improvements in social capital and decision latitude. Self-reported quality of care at the department level showed a significant increase, whereas no significant change was observed for quality of care during the last round.

Conclusion: The implementation of strategies and interventions as part of a broader healthcare transformation process had a positive impact. Improvements were observed in nurse-reported quality of care, job satisfaction, and intent to stay in nursing. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of the implemented measures in enhancing nursing practice and creating a positive work environment. Continuous efforts to implement and evaluate such strategies are essential for enhancing the satisfaction and retention of nursing teams within healthcare organizations.