Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L

Xin Zheng; Liyun Huang; Benyi Fan; Chunlin Peng; Amjad Iqbal; Yujie Zhang; Hongman Chen; Jianqiu Ye; Yaodong Yang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1364945

Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of the effects of bagging treatment on carotenoid biosynthesis and regulation of Areca catechu L

Front Plant Sci. 2024 Apr 2:15:1364945. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1364945. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Xin Zheng^#^{1

2}, Liyun Huang^#¹, Benyi Fan^{1

2}, Chunlin Peng¹, Amjad Iqbal^{1

3}, Yujie Zhang¹, Hongman Chen⁴, Jianqiu Ye¹, Yaodong Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China.
² National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China.
³ Department of Food Science & Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan.
⁴ Planting Research Section, Hainan Agriculture School, Haikou, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Introduction: Fresh Aareca nut fruit for fresh fruit chewing commonly found in green or dark green hues. Despite its economic significance, there is currently insufficient research on the study of color and luster of areca. And the areca nut fruits after bagging showed obvious color change from green to tender yellow. In the study, we tried to explain this interesting variation in exocarp color.

Methods: Fruits were bagged (with a double-layered black interior and yellow exterior) 45 days after pollination and subsequently harvested 120 days after pollination. In this study, we examined the the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of pericarp exocarp, integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics to study the effects of bagging on the carotenoid pathway at the molecular level.

Results: It was found that the chlorophyll and carotenoid content of bagged areca nut (YP) exocarp was significantly reduced. A total of 21 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and 1784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by transcriptomics and metabolomics. Three key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway as candidate genes for qPCR validation by co-analysis, which suggested their role in the regulation of pathways related to crtB, crtZ and CYP707A.

Discussion: We described that light intensity may appear as a main factor influencing the noted shift from green to yellow and the ensuing reduction in carotenoid content after bagging.

Keywords: Areca catechu L.; bagging; carotenoid; metabolomics; transcriptomics.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by Palm (arecanut) modern agricultural industry technology system of Hainan Province (HNARS-1-G2).