Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Stimulator Guided Pectoral Nerve Block-1 and Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Devyani J Desai; Velmayil Murugesan Ananda Jyothi; Ruchi Pathak

doi:10.7759/cureus.56258

Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Stimulator Guided Pectoral Nerve Block-1 and Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Post-operative Analgesia in Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Cureus. 2024 Mar 16;16(3):e56258. doi: 10.7759/cureus.56258. eCollection 2024 Mar.

Authors

Devyani J Desai¹, Velmayil Murugesan Ananda Jyothi¹, Ruchi Pathak¹

Affiliation

¹ Anesthesiology, Medical College Baroda, Vadodara, IND.

Abstract

Background: Breast carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in present-day women worldwide, hence surgical intervention for the same is inevitable. General anesthesia being the preferred technique, the selection of appropriate postoperative pain management is a major concern in which superficial fascial plane chest wall blocks play a pivotal role. We aimed to prove the efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulator-guided pectoral nerve-1 (PEC 1) block and serratus anterior plane (SAP) block for postoperative analgesia in modified radical mastectomy.

Methods: This prospective randomized controlled clinical study comprised 60 females undergoing modified radical mastectomy and was randomly allocated to two groups. Group A patients received general anesthesia while, in addition to general anesthesia, group B patients received PEC 1 and SAP blocks. Postoperatively the active and passive visual analog score (VAS), duration of analgesia, cumulative requirement of rescue analgesics in the first 24 hours and associated perioperative complications were noted. All quantitative data were analyzed by student t-test and qualitative data by chi-square test using MedCalc software 12.5.

Results: VAS score for first 24 hours in group B was lower at rest, on pressure over the surgical site as well as on movements compared with the patients in group A with the p-value being < 0.0001 at all time intervals. Time for receiving first rescue analgesia was shorter (1.25±0.56hour vs 20.05±7.78hour, p<0.001) with the significantly higher requirement of cumulative doses of tramadol in the first 24 hours in patients belonging to group A (233.33±47.95mg vs 110±31.62 mg, p<0.001).

Conclusion: PEC 1 and SAP blocks given under peripheral nerve stimulator guidance have a high success rate and are reliable in providing adequate postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.

Keywords: breast carcinoma; bupivacaine; modified radical mastectomy; nerve block; pectoral nerve; peripheral nerve stimulator; postoperative pain; serratus anterior muscle.