Differences among oral carcinomas arising de novo from those associated with oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Eduardo David Piemonte; Gerardo Marcelo Gilligan; Federico Garola; Jerónimo Pablo Lazos; René Luis Panico; Ana Gabriela Costa Normando; Alan Roger Santos-Silva; Saman Warnakulasuriya

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.006

Differences among oral carcinomas arising de novo from those associated with oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2024 Mar 19:S2212-4403(24)00122-6. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.006. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Eduardo David Piemonte¹, Gerardo Marcelo Gilligan², Federico Garola², Jerónimo Pablo Lazos², René Luis Panico², Ana Gabriela Costa Normando³, Alan Roger Santos-Silva³, Saman Warnakulasuriya⁴

Affiliations

¹ Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: eduardo.piemonte@unc.edu.ar.
² Oral Medicine Department, Dentistry College, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
³ Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
⁴ King's College London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK.

PMID: 38609795
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.006

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the frequency of sequential oral squamous cell carcinomas (s-OSCC), preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders, and OSCC de novo (OSCC-dn) and explore differences in their clinicopathologic presentations.

Study design: A structured electronic search strategy identified studies that analyzed frequency, clinical, biological, demographic, biomarkers, and prognostic features of s-OSCC and OSCC-dn according to PRISMA guidelines in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, up to January 31, 2023. Inclusion criteria were original English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and German cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. The quality of studies was assessed using the Agency for Research and Health Quality tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool.

Results: The final selection included 40 studies. OSCC-dn and s-OSCC represent, respectively, 71% and 29% of cases of OSCC (P = .00), showing a higher percentage of T1 or of T1+T2 in s-OSCC (P < .0001). The association meta-analysis showed OSCC-dn with a significant association. The meta-analysis showed that s-OSCC was significantly associated with smaller tumor size, absence of distant metastases, relapses, male sex, and tumor sites different from tongue; and OSCC-dn was associated with more advanced tumor size, more regional and distant metastases, more advanced stages, and worse survival.

Conclusions: S-OSCC was less frequent than expected. OSCC-dn seems to have specific clinical, biological, and prognostic features. Future perspectives on oral cancer prevention should address novel approaches and alternatives to screening, such as urgent referral of OSCC-dn.

Publication types

Review