Prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism in adults with primary snoring: a large-scale polysomnographic study

Deshui Li; Frank Lobbezoo; Antonius A J Hilgevoord; Nico de Vries; Ghizlane Aarab

doi:10.5664/jcsm.11142

Prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism in adults with primary snoring: a large-scale polysomnographic study

J Clin Sleep Med. 2024 Apr 12. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.11142. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Deshui Li^{1

2

3}, Frank Lobbezoo¹, Antonius A J Hilgevoord², Nico de Vries^{1

4

5}, Ghizlane Aarab¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
² Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³ Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁴ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA).

PMID: 38607243
DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11142

Abstract

Study objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of sleep bruxism (SB) in adults with primary snoring (PS).

Methods: This study included 292 adults with PS (140 males, 152 females; mean age ± SD = 42.8 ±12.2 years; mean BMI ± SD = 26.7 ± 4.7 kg/m²) without previous treatment for snoring. SB was diagnosed based on the frequency of the biomarker of SB: rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA; SB when RMMA ≥ 2 episodes/hour). Logistic regression was performed, with SB as the dependent variable and with age, sex, BMI, and sleep- and respiratory-related polysomnographic parameters as the independent variables to identify the risk factors for SB.

Results: The prevalence of SB was 44.6% in adults with PS. Younger age (OR = 0.965 [0.944, 0.987]) and shorter total sleep time (OR = 0.760 [0.609, 0.948]) significantly increased the risk of SB (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: SB is highly prevalent in adults with PS. Younger age and shorter sleep time are significant risk factors for SB in adults with PS.

Clinical trial registration: Registry: Netherlands Trial Register; Name: A Large Sample Polysomnographic Study on Sleep Bruxism; Identifier: NL8516.

Keywords: adults; non-apneic snoring; prevalence; risk factor; simple snoring; sleep bruxism.