Cells within tissues are subject to various mechanical forces, including hydrostatic pressure, shear stress, compression, and tension. These mechanical stimuli can be converted into biochemical signals through mechanoreceptors or cytoskeleton-dependent response processes, shaping the microenvironment and maintaining cellular physiological balance. Several studies have demonstrated the roles of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its homolog transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) as mechanotransducers, exerting dynamic influence on cellular phenotypes including differentiation and disease pathogenesis. This regulatory function entails the involvement of the cytoskeleton, nucleoskeleton, integrin, focal adhesions (FAs), and the integration of multiple signaling pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), wingless/integrated (WNT), and Hippo signaling. Furthermore, emerging evidence substantiates the implication of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as mechanosensitive molecules in cellular mechanotransduction. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which YAP/TAZ and lncRNAs serve as effectors in responding to mechanical stimuli. Additionally, we summarize and elaborate on the crucial signal molecules involved in mechanotransduction.
细胞在组织中受到各种机械力的作用，包括静水压力、剪切应力、压缩和张力。这些机械刺激可通过机械感受器或细胞骨架依赖性反应过程转化为生化信号，从而塑造微环境，并维持细胞生理平衡。研究已证实转录共激活因子YAP/TAZ可作为机械转导因子，对细胞表型（如分化和疾病发病）产生动态影响。这种调节功能涉及细胞骨架、核骨架、整合素、局灶黏附蛋白（FA），以及多种信号通路的整合，包括细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（ERK）、WNT和Hippo信号通路。此外，最新研究表明长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）可作为机械敏感分子在机械转导过程中发挥作用。本综述讨论了YAP/TAZ和lncRNA响应机械刺激的机制，并总结了参与机械转导的关键信号分子。.
细胞在组织中受到各种机械力的作用，包括静水压力、剪切应力、压缩和张力。这些机械刺激可通过机械感受器或细胞骨架依赖性反应过程转化为生化信号，从而塑造微环境，并维持细胞生理平衡。研究已证实转录共激活因子YAP/TAZ可作为机械转导因子，对细胞表型（如分化和疾病发病）产生动态影响。这种调节功能涉及细胞骨架、核骨架、整合素、局灶黏附蛋白（FA），以及多种信号通路的整合，包括细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶（ERK）、WNT和Hippo信号通路。此外，最新研究表明长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）可作为机械敏感分子在机械转导过程中发挥作用。本综述讨论了YAP/TAZ和lncRNA响应机械刺激的机制，并总结了参与机械转导的关键信号分子。
Keywords: F-actin; Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); Mechanotransduction; YAP/TAZ.