The demineralization resistance and mechanical assessments of different bioactive restorative materials for primary and permanent teeth: an in vitro study

Maria Salem Ibrahim; Fahad Rakad Aldhafeeri; Abdullah Sami Banaemah; Mana S Alhaider; Yousif A Al-Dulaijan; Abdulrahman A Balhaddad

doi:10.1038/s41405-024-00209-4

The demineralization resistance and mechanical assessments of different bioactive restorative materials for primary and permanent teeth: an in vitro study

BDJ Open. 2024 Apr 5;10(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41405-024-00209-4.

Authors

Maria Salem Ibrahim¹, Fahad Rakad Aldhafeeri², Abdullah Sami Banaemah², Mana S Alhaider², Yousif A Al-Dulaijan³, Abdulrahman A Balhaddad⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 34212, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. msibrahim@iau.edu.sa.
² College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. abalhaddad@iau.edu.sa.

Abstract

Objectives: This article examines the efficacy of two bioactive dental composites in preventing demineralization while preserving their mechanical and physical properties.

Materials and methods: The study compares Beautifil Kids and Predicta® Bioactive Bulk-Fill (Predicta) composites with conventional dental composite. Flexural strength and elastic modulus were evaluated using a universal testing machine. A pH-cycling model assessed the composites' ability to prevent dentin demineralization. Color stability and surface roughness were measured using a spectrophotometer and non-contact profilometer, respectively, before and after pH-cycling, brushing simulation, and thermocycling aging.

Results: Beautifil Kids exhibited the highest flexural strength and elastic modulus among the materials (p < 0.05). Predicta demonstrated the highest increase in dentin surface microhardness following the pH-cycling model (p < 0.05). All groups showed clinically significant color changes after pH-cycling, with no significant differences between them (p > 0.05). Predicta exhibited greater color change after brushing and increased surface roughness after thermocycling aging (p < 0.05). While Beautifil Kids had higher surface roughness after pH-cycling (p < 0.05).

Discussion/conclusion: Bioactive restorative materials with ion-releasing properties demonstrate excellent resistance to demineralization while maintaining mechanical and physical properties comparable to the control group.