Adipose exosomal noncoding RNAs: Roles and mechanisms in metabolic diseases

Obes Rev. 2024 Jun;25(6):e13740. doi: 10.1111/obr.13740. Epub 2024 Apr 4.

Abstract

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, measuring 40-160 nm in diameter, that are released by many cell types and tissues, including adipose tissue. Exosomes are critical mediators of intercellular communication and their contents are complex and diverse. In recent years, accumulating evidence has proved that multiple adipose tissue-derived exosomal noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of diverse metabolic diseases, such as obesity. In this narrative review, we focus on the adipose tissue-derived exosomal ncRNAs, especially exosomal miRNAs, and their dysregulation in multiple types of metabolic diseases. A deeper understanding of the role of adipose tissue-derived exosomal ncRNAs may help provide new diagnostic and treatment methods for metabolic diseases.

Keywords: adipose tissue; exosome; metabolic disease; non‐coding RNA.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Exosomes* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Metabolic Diseases* / genetics
  • Metabolic Diseases* / metabolism
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / physiology
  • RNA, Untranslated* / genetics
  • RNA, Untranslated* / metabolism

Substances

  • RNA, Untranslated
  • RNA, Long Noncoding