A grape-supplemented diet prevented ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced cataract by regulating Nrf2 and XIAP pathways

Xiaobin Liu; Yu Yu; Luís Aguilera Garcia; My-Lien Au; Myhoa Tran; Jinmin Zhang; Alexander Lou; Yang Liu; Hongli Wu

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109636

A grape-supplemented diet prevented ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced cataract by regulating Nrf2 and XIAP pathways

J Nutr Biochem. 2024 Mar 30:129:109636. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109636. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Xiaobin Liu¹, Yu Yu¹, Luís Aguilera Garcia¹, My-Lien Au¹, Myhoa Tran¹, Jinmin Zhang¹, Alexander Lou², Yang Liu³, Hongli Wu⁴

Affiliations

¹ Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
² The Village School, Houston, Texas, USA; Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
³ Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
⁴ Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA. Electronic address: hongli.wu@unthsc.edu.

PMID: 38561079
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109636

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate if grape consumption, in the form of grape powder (GP), could protect against ultraviolet (UV)-induced cataract. Mice were fed with the regular diet, sugar placebo diet, or a grape diet (regular diet supplemented with 5%, 10%, and 15% GP) for 3 months. The mice were then exposed to UV radiation to induce cataract. The results showed that the GP diet dose-dependently inhibited UV-induced cataract and preserved glutathione pools. Interestingly, UV-induced Nrf2 activation was abolished in the groups on the GP diet, suggesting GP consumption may improve redox homeostasis in the lens, making Nrf2 activation unnecessary. For molecular target prediction, a total of 471 proteins regulated by GP were identified using Agilent Literature Search (ALS) software. Among these targets, the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) was correlated with all of the main active ingredients of GP, including resveratrol, catechin, quercetin, and anthocyanins. Our data confirmed that GP prevented UV-induced suppression of XIAP, indicating that XIAP might be one of the critical molecular targets of GP. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GP protected the lens from UV-induced cataract development in mice. The protective effects of GP may be attributed to its ability to improve redox homeostasis and activate the XIAP-mediated antiapoptotic pathway.

Keywords: Grape powder (GP); Nrf2 activation; Redox homeostasis; Ultraviolet (UV)-induced cataract; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP).