Case Study of Atypical Fibroxanthoma: Presentation and Management

Cureus. 2024 Feb 27;16(2):e55094. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55094. eCollection 2024 Feb.

Abstract

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare spindle cell proliferation arising from significant sun exposure. AFX often appears as a red papule, typically found in the head and neck region of elderly patients. Since there is no specificity in immunohistology, various stains differentiate AFX from other skin cancers. The stains include cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163), vimentin, cytokeratin epithelial (CKAE), and melanin. While local recurrence is common, AFX rarely metastasizes. Thus, the treatment options are complete surgical excision or micrographically oriented histographic surgery.

Keywords: atypical fibroxanthoma (afx); ckae3; cutaneous malignancy; immunohistology; mohs surgery; skin papule; spindle-shaped cells; squamous cells carcinoma; sun exposure; vimentin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports