Regulating nitrogen/sulfur terminals on 3D porous Ti3C2 MXene with enhanced reaction kinetics toward high-performance alkali metal ion storage

Meng Qin; Yiwei Yao; Chi Chen; Kai Zhu; Guiling Wang; Dianxue Cao; Jun Yan

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.179

Regulating nitrogen/sulfur terminals on 3D porous Ti₃C₂ MXene with enhanced reaction kinetics toward high-performance alkali metal ion storage

J Colloid Interface Sci. 2024 Jul:665:742-751. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.179. Epub 2024 Mar 27.

Authors

Meng Qin¹, Yiwei Yao¹, Chi Chen², Kai Zhu¹, Guiling Wang¹, Dianxue Cao¹, Jun Yan³

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
² Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, and Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: yanjun@hrbeu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38554464
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.03.179

Abstract

In this paper, we have developed a simple and efficient sulfur-amine chemistry strategy to prepare a three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti₃C₂T_x composite with large amounts of N and S terminal groups. The well-designed 3D macroporous architecture presents enlarged interlayer spacing, large specific surface area, and unique porous structure, which successfully solves the re-stacking issue of MXene during storage and electrode fabrication. It is the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid added to the S-EDA (ethylenediamine)/MXene colloidal suspension that is critical to the formation of 3D morphology. In addition, N and S terminals on MXene could improve the adsorption ability of K⁺. Owing to the synergistic effect of the structure design and terminal modification, the N, S codoped three-dimensional porous Ti₃C₂T_x (3D-NSPM) material shows a high surface capacitive contribution and rapid diffusion kinetics for K⁺ and Na⁺. As a result, the as-prepared 3D-NSPM delivers high reversible capacity (237 and 273 mAh g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 for PIBs and SIBs, respectively), superb cycling stability (84.9% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 1 A g^-1 in PIBs and 74.0% capacity retention after 2200 cycles at 1 A g^-1 in SIBs), and excellent rate capability (111 and 196 mAh g^-1 at 5 A g^-1 for PIBs and SIBs, respectively), which are superior to other MXene-based anodes for PIBs and SIBs. Moreover, the described strategy provides a new insight for constructing the 3D porous structure from 2D building blocks beyond MXene.

Keywords: 3D porous structures; High-rate performance; MXene; Potassium-ion batteries; Tailoring nitrogen/sulfur terminals.