Effect of leukoreduction on the omics phenotypes of canine packed red blood cells during refrigerated storage

Abstract

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) storage promotes biochemical and morphological alterations, collectively referred to as storage lesions (SLs). Studies in humans have identified leukoreduction (LR) as a critical processing step that mitigates SLs. To date no study has evaluated the impact of LR on metabolic SLs in canine blood units using omics technologies.

Objective: Compare the lipid and metabolic profiles of canine packed RBC (pRBC) units as a function of LR in fresh and stored refrigerated (up to 42 days) units.

Animals: Packed RBC units were obtained from 8 donor dogs enrolled at 2 different Italian veterinary blood banks.

Study design and methods: Observational study. A volume of 450 mL of whole blood was collected using Citrate-Phosphate-Dextrose-Saline-Adenine-Glucose-Mannitol (CPD-SAGM) transfusion bags with a LR filter to produce 2 pRBC units for each donor, without (nLR-pRBC) and with (LR-pRBC) LR. Units were stored in the blood bank at 4 ± 2°C. Sterile weekly samples were obtained from each unit for omics analyses.

Results: A significant effect of LR on fresh and stored RBC metabolic phenotypes was observed. The nLR-pRBC were characterized by higher concentrations of free short and medium-chain fatty acids, carboxylic acids (pyruvate, lactate), and amino acids (arginine, cystine). The LR-pRBC had higher concentrations of glycolytic metabolites, high energy phosphate compounds (adenosine triphosphate [ATP]), and antioxidant metabolites (pentose phosphate, total glutathione).

Conclusion and clinical importance: Leukoreduction decreases the metabolic SLs of canine pRBC by preserving energy metabolism and preventing oxidative lesions.

Keywords: blood transfusion; dog; lipidomics; metabolomics; storage lesion.