An ImmunoFET Coupled with an Immunomagnetic Preconcentration Technique for the Sensitive EIS Detection of HF Biomarkers

Hamdi Ben Halima; Nadia Zine; Imad Abrao Nemeir; Norman Pfeiffer; Albert Heuberger; Joan Bausells; Abdelhamid Elaissari; Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault; Abdelhamid Errachid

doi:10.3390/mi15030296

An ImmunoFET Coupled with an Immunomagnetic Preconcentration Technique for the Sensitive EIS Detection of HF Biomarkers

Micromachines (Basel). 2024 Feb 21;15(3):296. doi: 10.3390/mi15030296.

Authors

Hamdi Ben Halima¹, Nadia Zine¹, Imad Abrao Nemeir^{1

2}, Norman Pfeiffer³, Albert Heuberger⁴, Joan Bausells⁵, Abdelhamid Elaissari¹, Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault¹, Abdelhamid Errachid¹

Affiliations

¹ Institut de Sciences Analytiques (ISA)-UMR 5280, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 5 Rue de la Doua, 69100 Lyon, France.
² Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon.
³ Fraunhofer IIS, Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
⁴ Information Technology (LIKE), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
⁵ Institute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.

Abstract

We propose a new strategy using a sandwich approach for the detection of two HF biomarkers: tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). For this purpose, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) (MNPs@aminodextran) were biofunctionalized with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using bis (sulfosuccinimidyl) suberate (BS₃) as a cross-linker for the pre-concentration of two biomarkers (TNF-α and IL-10). In addition, our ISFETs were biofunctionalized with polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) (TNF-α and IL-10). The biorecognition between pAbs immobilized on the ISFET and the pre-concentrate antigen (Ag) on MNPs was monitored using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Our developed ImmunoFET showed a low detection limit (0.03 pg/mL) toward our target analyte when compared to previously published electrochemical immunosensors. It showed a higher sensitivity than for other HF biomarkers. Finally, the standard addition method was used to determine the unknown concentration in artificial saliva. The results matched with the expected values well.

Keywords: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; heart failure; interleukin-10; saliva analysis; tumor necrosis factor-α.

Grants and funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, Project NMBP−13-2017 KardiaTool (Grant agreement No. 768686). The authors acknowledge the financial support of the POC4allergies project (Grant Agreement No. 768686), which received funding from ERA PerMed ERA-NET, and the financial support of the Bionanosens project (Grant agreement No. 951887), which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020.