The efficacy of theory of planned behavior to predict breast self-examination among women: systematic review and meta-Analysis

Natnael Kebede; Asnakew Molla Mekonen; Mengistu Mera Mihiretu; Yawkal Tsega; Elsabeth Addisu; Niguss Cherie; Tesfaye Birhane; Zinet Abegaz; Abel Endawkie; Anissa Mohammed; Dagnachew Melak; Fekade Demeke Bayou; Husniya Yasin; Ahmed Hussien Asfaw; Aregash Abebayehu Zerga; Birhanu Wagaye; Fanos Yeshanew Ayele

doi:10.1080/21642850.2023.2275673

The efficacy of theory of planned behavior to predict breast self-examination among women: systematic review and meta-Analysis

Health Psychol Behav Med. 2023 Nov 1;11(1):2275673. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2275673. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Natnael Kebede¹, Asnakew Molla Mekonen², Mengistu Mera Mihiretu², Yawkal Tsega², Elsabeth Addisu³, Niguss Cherie³, Tesfaye Birhane³, Zinet Abegaz³, Abel Endawkie⁴, Anissa Mohammed⁴, Dagnachew Melak⁴, Fekade Demeke Bayou⁴, Husniya Yasin⁴, Ahmed Hussien Asfaw⁵, Aregash Abebayehu Zerga⁵, Birhanu Wagaye⁵, Fanos Yeshanew Ayele⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie City, Ethiopia.
² Department of health system management, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie City, Ethiopia.
³ Department of Reproductive and Family Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie City, Ethiopia.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Colleges of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
⁵ Department of Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Even though a few studies have been conducted, the result is inconsistent between studies. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is a widely used framework for predicting and understanding health behaviors. In the study area, the theory of planned behavior ability to predict breast self-examination among women was not done before. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the efficacy of the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict breast self-examination among women.

Methods: This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted from 2008 to 2018 globally. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. PubMed, Semantic Scholar, Hinari, and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched. The analysis was performed using STATA 17 software. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using forest plots, I²_, Cochran's Q statistics, Funnel plots, and the Egger test respectively. Pooled analysis was conducted using the random-effects model of the DerSimonian-Laird method.

Results: A total of 5 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall Pooled Proportion of variance of the Theory of Planned Behavior ability to predict breast self-examination among women was explained at 38% (95%CI: 26.9, 49.1).

Conclusions: The overall Pooled Proportion of variance explained by the Theory of Planned Behavior ability to predict breast self-examination among women was low as compared to the original assumption of variance explained. While the Theory of Planned Behavior provides a useful framework for understanding health behaviors, it may not fully capture all the complex factors contributing to breast self-examination. Additionally, future studies should consider using alternative measures of variance explained to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the predictive power of the theory of planned behavior.

Keywords: Breast self-examination; Theory of Planned Behavior; meta-analysis; systematic review.

Publication types

Review