Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

Chen-Che Hsieh; Shu-Han Yu; Hsing-Chun Kuo; Darin Khumsupan; Hsiao-Chu Huang; Yu-Wei Liou; Chen-Yu Kao; Szu-Chuan Shen; Kuan-Chen Cheng

doi:10.38212/2224-6614.3476

Glycine-rich peptides from fermented Chenopodium formosanum sprout as an antioxidant to modulate the oxidative stress

J Food Drug Anal. 2023 Dec 15;31(4):626-638. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.3476.

Authors

Chen-Che Hsieh¹, Shu-Han Yu¹, Hsing-Chun Kuo^{2

3

4

5}, Darin Khumsupan¹, Hsiao-Chu Huang⁶, Yu-Wei Liou⁶, Chen-Yu Kao⁷, Szu-Chuan Shen⁸, Kuan-Chen Cheng^{1

6

9

10}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan.
² Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 613016, Taiwan.
³ Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.
⁴ Research Fellow, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613016, Taiwan.
⁵ Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333324, Taiwan.
⁶ Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan.
⁷ Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁸ Undergraduate and Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁹ Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan.

Abstract

Rhizopus oligosporus was utilized in the solid-state fermentation of Chenopodiumformosanumsprouts (FCS) in a bioreactor. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity of food proteins derived from FCS was investigated. Results showed that glycine-rich peptide (GGGGGKP, G-rich peptide), identified from the <2 kDa FCS proteins, had antioxidant values. According to SwissADME, AllerTOP, ToxinPred, and BIOPEP-UWM analyses, G-rich peptide was identified as safe, non-toxic, and non-allergenic. Afterward, the peptide was examined using in silico and in vitro studies to evaluate its potential alleviating oxidative stress caused by particulate matter. This study proposed plausible mechanisms that involve the binding of G-rich peptide which inhibited phosphorylation of the v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homologA(RELA) subunit onNF-κB pathway. The inhibition then resulted in down regulation of NF-κB transcription and genetic expression of inflammatory responses. These findings suggested that G-rich peptide from FCS proteins can potentially alleviate oxidative stress.

MeSH terms

Antioxidants* / metabolism
Antioxidants* / pharmacology
Gene Expression
NF-kappa B* / metabolism
Oxidative Stress
Peptides / metabolism
Peptides / pharmacology

Substances

Antioxidants
NF-kappa B
Peptides

Grants and funding

This project was funded by Outstanding (Ye-Lin) Doctoral Scholarship (MOST 108-2926-I-002-001-MY4), National Taiwan University Higher Education SPROUT Project (NTU112L7815, Project Name: Evaluation of Novel Nanoparticles for Fermented Chenopodium formosanum Extract against PM 2.5-Induced Lung Injury and its Mechanism), the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan (MOST 109-2628-E-002-007-MY3), Innovation-Oriented Trilateral Proposal for Young Investigators of NTU SYSTEM (NTU-CDP-110L7731).