China is the largest country in road construction due to rapid economy growth, which results in a large number of exposed slopes. Vegetation restoration of these road slopes has become the dominant method in ecological restoration. We reviewed research progress from three aspects, including key technologies for road slope vegetation restoration, application of vegetation restoration engineering, and factors influencing the vegetation restoration efforts. The slope protection technologies commonly used in road slope vegetation restoration include soil spraying technology, vegetation concrete slope protection technology, thick base material technology, and hydraulic spraying technology. In engineering applications, slope vegetation has the functions such as soil and water conservation, air purification, and landscape restoration. Currently, the most common community configuration is shrub and grass configuration. The main influencing factors of vegetation restoration on road slopes are climate, soil substrate, slope direction, plant species and community configuration used, human factors, and other natural factors (such as hydrology, altitude, microtopography, and wildlife). Future researches should focus on the mechanisms of different factors affecting road slope vegetation restoration, and study ecological substrates and slope protection technologies, plant species and diverse community configuration models suitable for road slope restoration in different climatic regions and site conditions.
经济的快速增长使中国已成为道路建设第一大国。道路建设产生了大量裸露边坡,植被修复已成为当今道路边坡生态修复的主流方式。本文从道路边坡植被恢复关键技术、植被恢复工程应用及植被修复效果的影响因素3方面综述了相关研究进展。道路边坡植被修复常用的护坡技术有客土喷播技术、植被混凝土护坡技术、厚层基材工艺、液压喷播技术等。在工程应用中,边坡植被具有保持水土、净化空气、恢复景观等功能,目前常见的群落配置多为灌草配置。影响道路边坡植被修复效果的主要因素为气候、土壤基质、坡度坡向、所采用的植物种类和群落配置方式、人为因素和其他自然因素(如水文、海拔、微地形和野生动物等)。未来研究可侧重于不同因素对道路边坡植被修复的影响机制,研究适合不同气候区和立地条件的道路边坡修复的生态基材和护坡技术、植物种类和多元化群落配置模式等。.
Keywords: engineering application; road slope; slope protection technology; vegetation slope protection.