It is of great significance to investigate the volume and water holding characteristics of litters for the accurate evaluation of forest water conservation function. With Pinus tabuliformis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Populus davidiana, Quercus wutaishanica and Platycladus orientalis as the research objects in the Loess Plateau of Western Shanxi Province, we analyzed the thickness of undecomposed layer and semi-decomposed layer, the volume of litter, and the relationship between the litter water-holding characteristics and the immersion time for different stands by the combination of sample survey and indoor immersion test. The results showed that the total thickness of litter layer was 4.06-5.12 cm, with the thickest layer in R. pseudoacacia forest and the thinnest in P. tabuliformis forest. The storage volume of litter was the largest in Q. wutaishanica (24.39 t·hm-2), followed by P. davidiana (23.64 t·hm-2), P. orientalis (22.51 t·hm-2), and R. pseudoacacia (22.48 t·hm-2), and the smallest in P. tabuliformis (20.42 t·hm-2). The volume in the undecomposed layer was less than that in the semi-decomposed layer. The maximum water holding of litter was 40.41-79.56 t·hm-2, with the highest of Q. wutaishanica and the lowest of P. tabuliformis. The effective interception rate of litter was 108%-188%. The changes of water capacity and water absorption rate of litter were most rapid in Q. wutaishanica, P. davidiana and R. pseudoacacia, and the changes were faster in the semi-decomposed layer than in the undecomposed layer. The water-holding capacity of litter in five forests was following an order of Q. wutaishanica>P. davidiana>R. pseudoacacia>P. orientalis>P. tabuliformis.
探究典型林分枯落物的蓄积量及持水特性,对准确评价森林水源涵养功能具有重要意义。本研究在晋西黄土区选择油松、刺槐、山杨、辽东栎、侧柏作为研究对象,采用样地调查与室内浸水试验相结合,对不同林分枯落物未分解层和半分解层厚度、枯落物蓄积量、枯落物持水特性与浸水时间的关系进行分析。结果表明: 研究区典型林分枯落物总厚度为4.06～5.12 cm,其中,刺槐林最大,油松林最小;蓄积量以辽东栎最大(24.39 t·hm-2),山杨林(23.64 t·hm-2)、侧柏林(22.51 t·hm-2)和刺槐林(22.48 t·hm-2)次之,油松林最小(20.42 t·hm-2),未分解层蓄积量小于半分解层。枯落物最大持水量为40.41～79.56 t·hm-2 ,其中,辽东栎最大,油松林最小。各林分枯落物有效拦蓄率在108％～188％。在浸水2 h内,枯落物持水量和吸水速率变化以辽东栎、山杨、刺槐林最迅速,半分解层较未分解层变化迅速;在5种林地中,枯落物持水能力依次为辽东栎＞山杨＞刺槐＞侧柏＞油松。.
Keywords: litter; loess area of Western Shanxi Province; maximum water-holding capacity; storge volume; water interception capacity.