Classification of type 1 diabetes: A pathogenic and treatment-based classification

Abstract

Aim: To improve the diagnosis and classification of patients who fail to satisfy current type 1 diabetes diagnostic criteria.

Methods: Review of the literature and current diagnostic guidelines.

Discussion: We propose a novel, clinically useful classification based on islet autoantibody status and non-fasting C-peptide levels. Notably, we discuss the subgroup of latent autoimmune diabetes in the young and propose a new subgroup classification of autoantibody negative type 1 diabetes in remission.

Conclusion: A novel classification system is proposed. Further work is needed to accurately diagnose and manage minority type 1 diabetes subgroups.

Keywords: Atypical diabetes; Autoantibody negative type 1 diabetes; Diabetes classification; Misclassification.