Comprehensive phylogeny of Pieridae butterflies reveals strong correlation between diversification and temperature

Ana Paula S Carvalho; Hannah L Owens; Ryan A St Laurent; Chandra Earl; Kelly M Dexter; Rebeccah L Messcher; Keith R Willmott; Kwaku Aduse-Poku; Steve C Collins; Nicholas T Homziak; Sugihiko Hoshizaki; Yu-Feng Hsu; Athulya G Kizhakke; Krushnamegh Kunte; Dino J Martins; Nicolás O Mega; Sadaharu Morinaka; Djunijanti Peggie; Helena P Romanowski; Szabolcs Sáfián; Roger Vila; Houshuai Wang; Michael F Braby; Marianne Espeland; Jesse W Breinholt; Naomi E Pierce; Akito Y Kawahara; David J Lohman

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.109336

Comprehensive phylogeny of Pieridae butterflies reveals strong correlation between diversification and temperature

iScience. 2024 Feb 28;27(4):109336. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109336. eCollection 2024 Apr 19.

Authors

Ana Paula S Carvalho¹, Hannah L Owens^{2

3

4}, Ryan A St Laurent^{1

5}, Chandra Earl⁶, Kelly M Dexter¹, Rebeccah L Messcher¹, Keith R Willmott¹, Kwaku Aduse-Poku⁷, Steve C Collins⁸, Nicholas T Homziak^{1

9}, Sugihiko Hoshizaki¹⁰, Yu-Feng Hsu¹¹, Athulya G Kizhakke¹², Krushnamegh Kunte¹², Dino J Martins^{13

14}, Nicolás O Mega¹⁵, Sadaharu Morinaka¹⁶, Djunijanti Peggie¹⁷, Helena P Romanowski¹⁸, Szabolcs Sáfián^{8

19}, Roger Vila²⁰, Houshuai Wang²¹, Michael F Braby^{22

23}, Marianne Espeland²⁴, Jesse W Breinholt^{1

25}, Naomi E Pierce²⁶, Akito Y Kawahara^{1

9

27}, David J Lohman^{28

29

30}

Affiliations

¹ McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL, USA.
² Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³ Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁴ Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
⁵ Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.
⁶ Department of Natural Sciences, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI, USA.
⁷ Biology Department, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸ African Butterfly Research Institute, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya.
⁹ Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
¹² National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India.
¹³ Turkana Basin Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
¹⁴ Insect Committee of Nature Kenya, The East Africa Natural History Society, Nairobi, Kenya.
¹⁵ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
¹⁶ Saitama Study Center, The Open University of Japan, Omiya-ku, Saitama City, Japan.
¹⁷ Museum Zoologi Bogor, Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia.
¹⁸ Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
¹⁹ Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary.
²⁰ Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Univ. Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain.
²¹ Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
²² Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia.
²³ Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
²⁴ Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany.
²⁵ Intermountain Healthcare, Intermountain Precision Genomics, St. George, UT, USA.
²⁶ Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
²⁷ Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
²⁸ Department of Biology, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
²⁹ PhD Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
³⁰ Entomology Section, National Museum of Natural History, Manila, Philippines.

Abstract

Temperature is thought to be a key factor influencing global species richness patterns. We investigate the link between temperature and diversification in the butterfly family Pieridae by combining next generation DNA sequences and published molecular data with fine-grained distribution data. We sampled nearly 600 pierid butterfly species to infer the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the family and curated a distribution dataset of more than 800,000 occurrences. We found strong evidence that species in environments with more stable daily temperatures or cooler maximum temperatures in the warm seasons have higher speciation rates. Furthermore, speciation and extinction rates decreased in tandem with global temperatures through geological time, resulting in a constant net diversification.

Keywords: Entomology; Evolutionary biology; Phylogeny.

Associated data

Dryad/10.5061/dryad.c59zw3rbh