Objective: To summarize the current research progress on the concept, clinical presentation, diagnosis, biomechanical changes, and pathological mechanisms of the medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT), and its clinical correlations with tibial rotation.
Methods: The research literature on MMPRT and its relationship with tibial rotation at home and abroad in recent years was extensively consulted and summarized.
Results: MMPRT is a specific and common type of medial meniscus injury of the knee joint. The occurrence of posterior medial pumping pain events following low-energy trauma in patients provides important clues for the diagnosis of this injury, with MRI being the preferred imaging modality. The biomechanical effects generated by MMPRT are similar to those caused by total removal of the medial meniscus. And this injury is usually associated with tibial rotation. MMPRT induces pathological external rotation of the tibia, which can be restored by timely medial meniscus posterior root repair. Furthermore, changes in tibial rotation are related to the healing status after medial meniscus posterior root repair.
Conclusion: MMPRT is closely related to tibial rotation. Understanding the biomechanics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical correlations between the two is of great significance for improving the diagnosis and treatment strategies.
目的: 总结目前关于内侧半月板后根部撕裂（medial meniscus posterior root tear，MMPRT）的概念、临床表现、诊断、生物力学变化、病理机制及其与胫骨旋转关系的临床关联性研究进展。.
方法: 广泛查阅近年来国内外关于MMPRT及其与胫骨旋转关系的研究文献，并进行总结分析。.
结果: MMPRT是膝关节内侧半月板损伤的一种特殊且常见类型，患者在低能量损伤后出现的膝关节后内侧爆裂疼痛事件对其诊断具有重要提示。MRI是首选影像学检查方式。MMPRT产生的生物力学效应类似于内侧半月板全部切除，且该损伤通常与胫骨旋转有关，MMPRT诱发了胫骨的病理性外旋，及时修复内侧半月板后根能够恢复这种病理性外旋。同时，胫骨旋转的变化与内侧半月板后根修复后的愈合状态相关。.
结论: MMPRT与胫骨旋转密切相关，了解二者间的生物力学、病理机制和临床关联性，对于改善MMPRT的诊断和治疗策略具有重要意义。.
Keywords: Medial meniscus posterior root tear; clinical correlation; pathological mechanism; tibial rotation.