High-throughput DNA synthesis for data storage

Meng Yu; Xiaohui Tang; Zhenhua Li; Weidong Wang; Shaopeng Wang; Min Li; Qiuliyang Yu; Sijia Xie; Xiaolei Zuo; Chang Chen

doi:10.1039/d3cs00469d

High-throughput DNA synthesis for data storage

Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Mar 18. doi: 10.1039/d3cs00469d. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Meng Yu^{1

2

3}, Xiaohui Tang^{1

3}, Zhenhua Li^{1

3}, Weidong Wang³, Shaopeng Wang⁴, Min Li⁴, Qiuliyang Yu⁵, Sijia Xie^{1

2

3}, Xiaolei Zuo⁴, Chang Chen^{1

2

3

6}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Medical Chips, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. sijia.xie@shsmu.edu.cn.
² School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, 201800, Shanghai, China.
³ Shanghai Industrial μTechnology Research Institute, 201800, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200127, Shanghai, China. zuoxiaolei@sjtu.edu.cn.
⁵ Shenzhen Key Laboratory for the Intelligent Microbial Manufacturing of Medicines, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, China.

PMID: 38498347
DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00469d

Abstract

With the explosion of digital world, the dramatically increasing data volume is expected to reach 175 ZB (1 ZB = 10¹² GB) in 2025. Storing such huge global data would consume tons of resources. Fortunately, it has been found that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule is the most compact and durable information storage medium in the world so far. Its high coding density and long-term preservation properties make itself one of the best data storage carriers for the future. High-throughput DNA synthesis is a key technology for "DNA data storage", which encodes binary data stream (0/1) into quaternary long DNA sequences consisting of four bases (A/G/C/T). In this review, the workflow of DNA data storage and the basic methods of artificial DNA synthesis technology are outlined first. Then, the technical characteristics of different synthesis methods and the state-of-the-art of representative commercial companies, with a primary focus on silicon chip microarray-based synthesis and novel enzymatic DNA synthesis are presented. Finally, the recent status of DNA storage and new opportunities for future development in the field of high-throughput, large-scale DNA synthesis technology are summarized.

Publication types

Review