Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Rissen Isolated in China During 2008-2019

Lili Wang; Lu Nie; Yue Liu; Liang Hu; Aiping Zhou; Dongjiang Wang; Xuebin Xu; Jian Guo

doi:10.2147/IDR.S453611

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Rissen Isolated in China During 2008-2019

Infect Drug Resist. 2024 Mar 12:17:969-976. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S453611. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Lili Wang^#^{1

2}, Lu Nie^#³, Yue Liu^#⁴, Liang Hu², Aiping Zhou², Dongjiang Wang², Xuebin Xu⁴, Jian Guo²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhoushan Women and Children Hospital, Zhoushan, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to provide epidemiological features of Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen, determine antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence gene profiles, and describe the potential association of S. Rissen from different sources in China.

Methods: During 2008-2019, a total of non-repetitive 228 S. Rissen isolates were collected from human, animals and environment in China. The antimicrobial susceptibility test, screening of antimicrobial and virulence genes by PCR, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were performed.

Results: Among the 154 isolates from human, the majority of the cases (80.5%) occurred in summer, and S. Rissen was mainly detected in people aged 21-40 (37.7%) and 41-60 (28.6%) years old, and 74 non-human source S. Rissen strains were identified, with pork being the most common source. About 93.4% isolates were resistant to at least one of the 12 tested antimicrobial agents, and high frequencies of resistance were observed for tetracyclines (91.2%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (74.1%) and ampicillin (67.5%). A total of 171 (75%) isolates were resistant to at least three categories of antimicrobials, and the most common resistance profile was Tetracycline(s)-β-Lactams-Sulfonamides. The resistance rates to chloramphenicol, quinolones and sulfafurazole were significantly higher in strains isolated from human compared to non-human source strains. Among these isolates, the β-Lactams resistance was mainly associated with gene bla_TEM (54.7%), sulfonamide resistance with sul2 (45.7%) and sul3 (54.3%), tetracycline resistance with tetA (81.3%). All the isolates harbored virulence genes hilA, sopB, sciN, stn and ssrB, and most of them harbored ssaQ (98.7%), mgtC (98.7%) and invA (98.2%). The majority (91.7%) of S. Rissen isolates showed high similarity (>80%) with each other in PFGE patterns and came from human, animals and environment.

Conclusion: The high frequencies of multidrug resistance and probable clonal dissemination in this serovar call for the necessity of systematic surveillance on S. Rissen in China.

Keywords: Salmonella Rissen; antimicrobial susceptibility test; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; resistance genes; virulence genes.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81971990).