Voluntary first responders' experiences of being dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in rural areas: an interview study

Camilla Allert; Bengt Nilsson; Anders Svensson; Ewa K Andersson

doi:10.1186/s12872-024-03826-x

Voluntary first responders' experiences of being dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in rural areas: an interview study

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2024 Mar 14;24(1):157. doi: 10.1186/s12872-024-03826-x.

Authors

Camilla Allert^{1

2}, Bengt Nilsson^{3

4

5}, Anders Svensson^{6

4

7}, Ewa K Andersson^{6

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health and Caring Sciences, University Lecturer Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Linnaeus University, 392 31, Växjö/Kalmar, Sweden. camilla.allert@lnu.se.
² Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration Within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden. camilla.allert@lnu.se.
³ Department of Forestry and Wood Technology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
⁴ Centre of Interprofessional Collaboration Within Emergency Care (CICE), Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
⁵ Agunnaryd Voluntary Fire Brigade, Ljungby, Sweden.
⁶ Department of Health and Caring Sciences, University Lecturer Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Linnaeus University, 392 31, Växjö/Kalmar, Sweden.
⁷ Department of Ambulance Service, Region Kronoberg, Växjö, Sweden.

Abstract

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death, and survival outcomes vary across countries and regions. To improve survival, the European Resuscitation Council Guidelines encourage the implementation of technologies like smartphone applications to alert voluntary first responders (VFRs) who are near a suspected OHCA. VFRs are of great importance in the ´chain of survival´, but there is still a lack of knowledge about their experiences; especially of those operating in rural areas. Understanding those experiences is crucial in developing appropriate interventions to train, encourage, and safeguard VFRs in their mission. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe VFRs´ experiences of being dispatched to suspected OHCA in rural areas.

Methods: The study used an inductive design. The data were collected using individual interviews with 16 VFRs and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: The results are presented in terms of six generic categories ''Being motivated and prepared'', ''Having strategies to undertake the mission'', ''Collaborating with others'', ''Being ethically aware'', ''Supporting the family members'', and ''Coping with the mission'', which formed the basis of the main category 'Desire to save lives and help others'. The findings showed that VFRs had a genuine desire to contribute to save lives in this rural area. Regardless of the circumstances, they were prepared to leave everything and act to the best for the victim and their family members. In theirs' missions they collaborated with others at the scene and were guided by ethics while they acted in complex circumstances.

Conclusions: VFRs dispatched in rural areas express a desire to save lives. In their missions, they acted in complex situations and experienced both emotional and ethical challenges. The design, implementation, and evaluation of support interventions directed at VFRs should be prioritised, especially in rural areas, as it can contribute to more people becoming and remaining VFRs, which in turn could contribute to sustainable development.

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Experiences; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Qualitative research; Voluntary first responder.

MeSH terms

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*
Emergency Medical Services*
Emergency Responders*
Humans
Mobile Applications*
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* / diagnosis
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* / therapy
Qualitative Research

Abstract

MeSH terms

Grants and funding