Objectives: To provide references, this study investigated the clinical characteristics of patients with nonsyndromic oligodontia.
Methods: The information of 178 patients with oligodontia was collected, including histories, oral examinations, and panoramic radiographs. Tooth agenesis characteristics were calculated and evaluated. All the data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 24.0 software.
Results: No significant difference in the number of missing teeth was found between sexes nor between the right and left sides, and congenitally missing teeth affected the maxillary arch (P<0.05). The highest prevalence of tooth agenesis was observed in the mandibular second premolars. In the maxillary arch, the most common pattern of tooth agenesis was agenesis of the bilateral first and second premolars. The agenesis of the bilateral second premolars was observed in the mandibular arch. The prevalence of a symmetric pattern between the right and left quadrants was significantly higher than that of matched patterns between the maxillary and mandibular antagonistic quadrants. Approximately 16.85% of patients with nonsyndromic oligodontia were affected by other tooth-related anomalies.
Conclusions: The common patterns of tooth agenesis were successfully identified in patients with nonsyndromic oligodontia. Dentists need to provide multidisciplinary treatments for patients with nonsyndromic oligodontia because of variations in occluding and full-mouth tooth agenesis patterns.
目的: 研究和分析非综合征型多数恒牙先天缺失患者的牙齿缺失特征，为该类患者的临床诊断、治疗设计提供参考。方法: 收集178例非综合征型多数恒牙先天缺失病例，根据病史、口腔检查和曲面体层片等资料，研究分析牙齿缺失特征，应用SPSS 24.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果: 缺牙数目在性别、左右侧间无明显差异，上颌缺牙数明显高于下颌（P<0.05）。缺失率最高的牙位是下颌第二前磨牙。上颌最常见的缺牙模式为双侧上颌第一前磨牙、第二前磨牙联合缺失，下颌为双侧下颌第二前磨牙联合缺失。左右侧对称性分布的缺牙模式高于上下颌对称性分布。16.85%患者同时合并其他牙齿发育畸形。结论: 非综合征型多数恒牙先天缺失患者存在数种常见的缺牙模式，而咬合和全口缺牙模式变异较大，临床上应根据个体差异制定个性化的、多学科合作的治疗方案。.
Keywords: dental aplasia; nonsyndromic oligodontia; panoramic radiographs; statistical analysis; tooth agenesis pattern.