RNA therapy has recently emerged as a therapy targeting specific genes or proteins. With its outstanding advantages, this therapy has opened promising doors for treating and preventing diseases. The great application potential has driven the need for a comprehensive understanding of these therapies, particularly on biosafety and regulatory issues. This chapter began by discussing the risks to RNA therapy, such as off-target effects, immunogenicity and immune responses, and long-term effects. Since then, this therapy's intricate landscape of biosafety issues has been elucidated. Common biosecurity measures applied around the world have also been reviewed. In addition, this chapter emphasized the importance of regulations and laws in applying RNA therapy to prevent and treat human and animal diseases. At the same time, the current legal regulations in the world for RNA therapies have also been thoroughly discussed. To sum up, this chapter has provided a comprehensive perspective on biosafety and regulatory issues for developing RNA therapies. Understanding the biosafety and regulatory issues in RNA therapy can help researchers use this promising new technology safely and effectively in the future.
Keywords: Biosafety; RNA therapy; RNA-based therapy; Regulatory; Risk.
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