Nurse-led family-based approach in primary health care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study

Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2024 Dec;19(1):2323060. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2323060. Epub 2024 Mar 6.

Abstract

Purpose: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is rapidly increasing, with 537 million people estimated to have diabetes in 2021. The literature suggests that nurses can deliver effective person-centred diabetes care and that families can be essential in supporting patients. Thus, a Nurse-led Family-based (NLFB) approach may be particularly effective. This study aims to explore the perceptions of nurses, adults with type 2 diabetes, and family members regarding the NLFB intervention.

Methods: Guided by the UK Medical Research Council Framework, this seminal study adopted a qualitative, descriptive approach with content analysis. Data were obtained through 16 semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Themes emerged based on an inductive process using constant comparison (Graneheim and Lundman 2004). The COREQ checklist was used in ensuring rigour.

Results: Three main themes emerged includes: (1) nurses' experiences with current diabetes care practices, (2) stakeholders' views on the development of a NLFB approach, and (3) merging the nurse-led family aspects into the diabetes care. The key challenges are the dominant medical model, lack of specialist nurses, and time. The key facilitators are knowledge and social support.

Conclusion: The study recommends stakeholders embrace nursing empowerment strategies and involve families to enhance the nurses' advanced roles and family inclusion in healthcare.

Keywords: Nurse-led; SDG; cross-cultures; family; qualitative; type 2 diabetes.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
  • Family
  • Humans
  • Nurse's Role
  • Patient-Centered Care
  • Qualitative Research

Grants and funding

The authors disclosed receipt of the financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this research from the Royal College of Surgeons in Irealnd.