Prognostic analysis of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with second primary malignancies: a SEER database study

Weiqing Han; Silin Wang; Lang Su; Jianjun Xu; Yiping Wei

doi:10.3389/fonc.2024.1294383

Prognostic analysis of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with second primary malignancies: a SEER database study

Front Oncol. 2024 Feb 20:14:1294383. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1294383. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Weiqing Han^#¹, Silin Wang^#², Lang Su², Jianjun Xu¹, Yiping Wei²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
² Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: As lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients are at increased risk of developing a second primary cancer, this complicates the patient's condition and thus makes prognostic assessment more difficult, posing a significant prognostic challenge for clinicians. Our goal was to assess the prognosis of LUSC patients with a second primary tumor, and provide insights into appropriate therapy and monitoring strategies.

Methods: Data was obtained for LUSC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The LUSC patients were divided into three groups (LS-SPM, OT-LUSC and LUSC-only). Univariate and stratified analyses were performed for the baseline and clinical characteristics of the participants. Multiple regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were also performed, followed by a final life table analysis.

Results: In our sample of 101,626 patients, the HR for OS in the LS-SPM group was 0.40 in univariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that LS-SPM patients had considerably longer lifespans compared to the other groups. The LS-SPM patients had median and mean survival times of 64 months and 89.11 months. Unadjusted and adjusted multiple regression analyses showed that LS-SPM patients had a superior survival compared to LUSC-only and OT-LUSC groups.

Conclusion: LS-SPM patients have a good prognosis with aggressive therapy and immune monitoring. The present study offers novel insights into the pathophysiological causes and treatments for LS-SPM.

Keywords: NSCLC; SEER; lung squamous cell carcinoma; second primary malignancy; survival time.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work was supported by a grant from the Chinese National Natural Science Fund (grant number 82060064). Natural Science Foundation of China (Award Number: 81860379 and 82160410), Foundation of China of Jiangxi Provincial, Department of Science and Technology (Award Number: 20212ACB206018), Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province (Award Number: 20223BBG71009).