Mineral matrix deposition of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells exposed to silicocarnotite and nagelschmidtite bioceramics: In vitro comparison to hydroxyapatite

J Biomed Mater Res A. 2024 Jul;112(7):1124-1137. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.37699. Epub 2024 Mar 4.

Abstract

This work presents the effect of the silicocarnotite (SC) and nagelschmidtite (Nagel) phases on in vitro osteogenesis. The known hydroxyapatite of biological origin (BHAp) was used as a standard of osteoconductive characteristics. The evaluation was carried out in conventional and osteogenic media for comparative purposes to assess the osteogenic ability of the bioceramics. First, the effect of the material on cell viability at 24 h, 7 and 14 days of incubation was evaluated. In addition, cell morphology and attachment on dense bioceramic surfaces were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Specifically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated as an osteogenic marker of the early stages of bone cell differentiation. Mineralized extracellular matrix was observed by calcium phosphate deposits and extracellular vesicle formation. Furthermore, cell phenotype determination was confirmed by scanning electron microscope. The results provided relevant information on the cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation processes after 7 and 14 days of incubation. Finally, it was demonstrated that SC and Nagel phases promote cell proliferation and differentiation, while the Nagel phase exhibited a superior osteoconductive behavior and could promote MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation to a higher extent than SC and BHAp, which was reflected in a higher number of deposits in a shorter period for both conventional and osteogenic media.

Keywords: MC3T3‐E1 cell line; hydroxyapatite; mineral matrix deposition; nagelschmidtite; silicocarnotite.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
  • Calcium Compounds / chemistry
  • Calcium Compounds / pharmacology
  • Cell Adhesion / drug effects
  • Cell Differentiation* / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Ceramics* / chemistry
  • Ceramics* / pharmacology
  • Durapatite* / chemistry
  • Durapatite* / pharmacology
  • Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Osteoblasts* / cytology
  • Osteoblasts* / drug effects
  • Osteoblasts* / metabolism
  • Osteogenesis* / drug effects
  • Silicates* / chemistry
  • Silicates* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Durapatite
  • Silicates
  • Biocompatible Materials
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • calcium silicate
  • Calcium Compounds