Eosinophil extracellular traps in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis induce Charcot-Leyden crystal formation and eosinophil recruitment

Biosci Rep. 2024 Mar 29;44(3):BSR20230410. doi: 10.1042/BSR20230410.

Abstract

Eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) are implicated in various eosinophil-associated diseases; however, their role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear. In the present study, 57 CRS patients were enrolled, and immunofluorescence was used to analyze EETs in eosinophilic (eCRS) and non-eosinophilic (Non-eCRS) tissues. MSD was used to examine IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 concentrations in tissue homogenates. Charcot-Leyden crystals (CLCs) protein expression was detected in PMA, PMA+DNase I, and blank control eosinophils using ELISA. Eotaxin-3 mRNA and protein levels were measured in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) cultured with EETs, EETs+DNase I, DNase I, and unstimulated eosinophils using PCR and ELISA. EETs were significantly increased in eCRS tissues compared with Non-eCRS (P<0.001), and correlated with VAS and Lund-Mackay CT scores. IL-5 expression was related to EETs formation (r = 0.738, P<0.001). PMA-stimulated eosinophils exhibited higher CLCs protein levels (P<0.01). Co-culturing HNECs with EETs significantly increased eotaxin-3 mRNA and protein levels (P<0.0001, P<0.001) compared with other groups. The study suggests EETs formation is elevated in eCRS patients and is involved in CLCs formation and chemokine secretion, promoting eosinophilic inflammation.

Keywords: Charcot-Leyden crystals; Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis; Eotaxin-3; Extracellular eosinophilic traps.

MeSH terms

  • Chemokine CCL26 / metabolism
  • Deoxyribonuclease I / metabolism
  • Eosinophils
  • Extracellular Traps*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-5 / genetics
  • Interleukin-5 / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rhinitis*
  • Rhinosinusitis*
  • Sinusitis*

Substances

  • Chemokine CCL26
  • Interleukin-5
  • Deoxyribonuclease I
  • RNA, Messenger