Deep brain stimulation (DBS), including optical stimulation and electrical stimulation, has been demonstrated considerable value in exploring pathological brain activity and developing treatments for neural disorders. Advances in DBS microsystems based on implantable microelectrode array (MEA) probes have opened up new opportunities for closed-loop DBS (CL-DBS) in situ. This technology can be used to detect damaged brain circuits and test the therapeutic potential for modulating the output of these circuits in a variety of diseases simultaneously. Despite the success and rapid utilization of MEA probe-based CL-DBS microsystems, key challenges, including excessive wired communication, need to be urgently resolved. In this review, we considered recent advances in MEA probe-based wireless CL-DBS microsystems and outlined the major issues and promising prospects in this field. This technology has the potential to offer novel therapeutic options for psychiatric disorders in the future.
脑深部刺激（DBS），包括光刺激和电刺激，对于脑重大疾病发病机理和治疗方法开发的研究具有重要的科学意义。基于植入式微电极阵列（MEA）探针的DBS微系统的发展为原位闭环DBS（CL-DBS）提供了新机遇。闭环DBS可用于监测受损的神经细胞活动，并可根据电生理信号调整刺激参数，以实现对神经细胞活动的精准高效调控。基于MEA探针的CL-DBS微系统虽取得了快速发展，但仍有一些关键问题亟需解决，包括无线通信的安全性、稳定性和电池寿命等。本综述回顾和总结了基于MEA探针的无线CL-DBS微系统的最新进展，并探讨了该技术存在的主要问题和未来发展前景。未来，基于MEA探针的无线CL-DBS技术的不断发展和进步将继续为神经科学和临床神经学带来创新，并为脑重大疾病的治疗提供新策略。.
Keywords: Deep brain stimulation (DBS); Electrical stimulation; Microelectrode array (MEA) probe; Optical stimulation; Wireless closed-loop deep brain stimulation (CL-DBS) microsystem.