Telemedicine in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder after deep brain stimulation: a case series

Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Feb 14:18:1296726. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1296726. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Patients suffering from refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who have undergone deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery require repeated in-person programming visits. These sessions could be labor-intensive and may not always be feasible, particularly when in-person hospital visits are restricted. Telemedicine is emerging as a potential supplementary tool for post-operative care. However, its reliability and feasibility still require further validation due to the unconventional methods of interaction.

Methods: A study was conducted on three patients with refractory OCD who had undergone DBS. Most of their programming sessions were completed via a remote programming system. These patients were recruited and monitored for a year. Changes in their clinical symptoms were assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale-Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale-14 (HAMA), the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD), and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). The scores from these assessments were reported.

Results: At the last follow-up, two out of three patients were identified as responders, with their Y-BOCS-II scores improving by more than 35% (P1: 51%, P3: 42%). These patients also experienced some mood benefits. All patients observed a decrease in travel expenses during the study period. No severe adverse events were reported throughout the study.

Conclusion: The group of patients showed improvement in their OCD symptoms within a 1-year follow-up period after DBS surgery, without compromising safety or benefits. This suggests that telemedicine could be a valuable supplementary tool when in-person visits are limited.

Keywords: COVID-19; deep brain stimulation; obsessive-compulsive disorder; remote programming; telemedicine.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was funded by the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission [grant Number 202140181 to DL], the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission [grant Number 22Y11903900 to DL], and Guangci Innovative Technology Launch Program [GCQH202205 to DL].