Emergency and critical diseases is characterized by suddenness, complexity and unpredictability, which can lead to severe adverse prognosis such as shock or multiple organ failure. It has been confirmed that the common mechanism of aldehyde metabolism disorder leading to the accumulation of a large number of aldehydes, injury of cells and tissues caused by toxic aldehydes, and organ dysfunction existed in various emergency and critical diseases. However, the definition of the theory of aldehyde metabolism disorder, the detection methods of aldehydes, and the application of the theory of aldehyde metabolism disorder in guiding the early treatment of emergency and critical diseases have not been systematized and standardized. Therefore, Chinese Society of Emergency Medicine, Chest Pain Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Multidisciplinary Joint Committee on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Extracorporeal Life Support of Shandong Medical Association organized multidisciplinary experts in emergency and critical care medicine, pharmacy, and molecular chemistry, etc., to comprehensively review the basic and clinical research on the effect of aldehyde metabolism disorder in the early stage of emergency and critical diseases at home and abroad, and jointly formulated the Chinese experts consensus on aldehyde metabolism disorder guided the early management of emergency and critical care medicine (2023). The novel and common consensus on the aldehyde metabolism disorder aims to further improve the treatment level of the emergency and critical diseases, so as to put forward a new, safe and reliable treatment strategy for the critical patients, and improve the overall survival rate of the critical patients.