In this study, C- and N-co-doped ZnO photocatalysts were prepared through pyrolysis using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as precursor materials. The crystal structure, morphology, and surface chemical composition of the samples were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Their activities in photocatalytic reactions were also evaluated through photocatalytic experiments. The results show that C-, N-co-doped ZnO has a high specific surface area, which is favourable for a photocatalytic reaction. Meanwhile, C-, N-doping can effectively modulate the energy band structure of ZnO, broaden its light absorption range, and improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The photocatalytic experiments show that the C/N-ZnO-500 samples, which have the optimal photocatalytic performances, have improved performances of 50% and 35%, respectively, compared with those of the blank control group and the ZIF-8 samples. The preparation of ZnO materials with a morphology change and doping using metal frameworks as precursors provides a new idea for designing efficient photocatalysts.
Keywords: C-, N-doping; ZIF-8; ZnO; metal–organic framework (MOF); photocatalysis.