Prevalence and risk indicators of buccal gingival recessions in a Moroccan periodontitis patients: A retrospective study

Wafa El Kholti; Safaa Boubdir; Zineb Al Jalil; Loubna Rhalimi; Sihame Chemlali; Abdallah Mound; Touria Aboussaouira; Jamila Kissa

doi:10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.10.008

Prevalence and risk indicators of buccal gingival recessions in a Moroccan periodontitis patients: A retrospective study

Saudi Dent J. 2024 Jan;36(1):117-122. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.10.008. Epub 2023 Oct 11.

Authors

Wafa El Kholti¹, Safaa Boubdir¹, Zineb Al Jalil², Loubna Rhalimi¹, Sihame Chemlali¹, Abdallah Mound³, Touria Aboussaouira³, Jamila Kissa¹

Affiliations

¹ University of Hassan II of Casablanca, Faculty of Dentistry of Casablanca Morocco, Department of Periodontics, Casablanca, Morocco.
² University of Hassan II of Casablanca, Faculty of Dentistry of Casablanca Morocco, Laboratory of Community Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Casablanca, Morocco.
³ University of Hassan II of Casablanca, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca Morocco, Department of Biology, Casablanca, Morocco.

Abstract

Background: This study investigates the prevalence, distribution and risk indicators of buccal gingival recessions (GRs) in periodontitis patients.

Methods: A retrospective examination of 400 periodontitis patients files was performed using an operating sheet. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk indicators of GRs. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted for selected variables with p < 0.05.

Results: 354/400 (88.5 %) patients have at least one GR ≥ 1 mm. The prevalence of recession type (RT) at the patient level was 0.5 %, 2.25 % and 85.75 % for RT1, RT2 and RT3 respectively. Lower incisors are the most affected teeth (79.8 %). Upper canines present the lowest frequency (41.8 %). The univariate logistic regression showed that age (SE = 0.021; 95 % CI 1.01-1.10; p = 0.006), plaque index (SE = 0.50; 95 % CI 1.49-10.50; p = 0.006), level of plaque control (SE = 0.529; 95 % CI 0.90-0.72; p = 0.010) and periodontitis stage (SE = 0.41; 95 % CI 1.41-7.07; p = 0.005) were significantly associated with the presence of GR. In the multivariate regression model, significant results were confirmed only for age (SE = 0.021; 95 % CI 1.02-1.17; p = 0.006) and periodontitis stage (SE = 0.41; 95 % CI 1.35-6.75; p = 0.007).

Conclusion: The cross-sectional study showed a high prevalence of GRs. Lower incisors were the most affected teeth. Most patients have GRs with advanced interproximal attachment loss (RT3 GRs). Age, plaque index, level of plaque control and periodontitis stage resulted as risk indicators of GRs.

Keywords: Gingival recession; Periodontitis; Prevalence; Risk indicators.