Biosynthesis of Cry5B-Loaded Sulfur Nanoparticles using Arthrobotrys oligospora Filtrate: Effects on Nematicidal Activity, Thermal Stability, and Pathogenicity against Caenorhabditis elegans

Pasin Jammor; Tanatcha Sanguanphun; Krai Meemon; Boonhiang Promdonkoy; Panadda Boonserm

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c08653

Biosynthesis of Cry5B-Loaded Sulfur Nanoparticles using Arthrobotrys oligospora Filtrate: Effects on Nematicidal Activity, Thermal Stability, and Pathogenicity against Caenorhabditis elegans

ACS Omega. 2024 Feb 3;9(6):6945-6954. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08653. eCollection 2024 Feb 13.

Authors

Pasin Jammor¹, Tanatcha Sanguanphun², Krai Meemon², Boonhiang Promdonkoy³, Panadda Boonserm¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
² Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
³ National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.

Abstract

Cry5B, a crystal protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is a bionematicide with potent nematicidal activity against various plant-parasitic and free-living nematodes. This protein, however, is susceptible to destruction by ultraviolet light, proteolytic enzymes, and high temperatures. This study aims to produce Cry5B protein for bionematicidal use and improve its stability and nematicidal efficacy by loading it intoArthrobotrys oligospora-mediated sulfur nanoparticles (AO-SNPs). Based on the mortality assay, the Cry5B protein exhibited dose-dependent nematicidal activity against the model organismCaenorhabditis elegans. The nematicidal activity, thermal stability, and pathogenic effects of Cry5B-loaded AO-SNPs (Cry5B-SNPs) were compared to those of free Cry5B. After 3 h of exposure to heat at 60 °C, Cry5B-SNPs had greater nematicidal activity than free Cry5B protein, indicating the effective formulation of Cry5B-SNPs that could be used as an alternative to current nematicide delivery strategies.