The effect of Annona muricata (Graviola) on the prevention of brain damage due to ionizing radiation in rats

Ozlem Elmas; Emrah Keskin; Havva Hande Keser Sahin; Berrak Guven; Ghada Almisned; Hesham M H Zakaly; H O Tekin; Antoaneta Ene

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25932

The effect of Annona muricata (Graviola) on the prevention of brain damage due to ionizing radiation in rats

Heliyon. 2024 Feb 8;10(4):e25932. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25932. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Authors

Ozlem Elmas¹, Emrah Keskin², Havva Hande Keser Sahin³, Berrak Guven⁴, Ghada Almisned⁵, Hesham M H Zakaly^{6

7}, H O Tekin^{8

9}, Antoaneta Ene¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
² Department of Neurosurgery, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
³ Department of Pathology, University Corum Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
⁵ Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia.
⁷ Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
⁸ Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
⁹ Istinye University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Computer Engineering Department, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey.
¹⁰ INPOLDE Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania.

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of ethanol extract of Annona Muricata (AM) leaves in the prevention of brain damage caused by ionizing radiation (IR). This study was conducted in the Experimental Animal Research Unit of a university with 28 adults female Wistar Albino rats. The experimental groups were as follows: Control group (n = 8), AM group (n = 6), IR group (n = 8), AM + IR group (n = 6). In the IR group, astrocyte hypertrophy, microglial reaction and inflammatory reaction levels were significantly higher than the control and AM groups (P < 0.001). Edema was significantly higher in the IR group compared to the control group (P=0.001). The MDA of the IR group was significantly higher compared to the control group and AM group (P=0.031, P=0.006, respectively). The MDA of the AM + IR group was significantly higher than the AM group (P=0.039). Our findings show that histomorphology and oxidant damage caused by IR can be ameliorated using AM, as demonstrated by the comparison of the controls to AM + IR recipients, which showed similar histomorphology and oxidant damage levels.

Keywords: Acute brain injuries; Annona muricata; Ionizing; Preventative care; radiation.