EYELID MARGIN DISEASE (BLEPHARITIS AND MEIBOMIAN GLAND DYSFUNCTION): CLINICAL REVIEW OF EVIDENCE-BASED AND EMERGING TREATMENTS

Karolinne Maia Rocha; Marjan Farid; Leela Raju; Kenneth Beckman; Brandon D Ayres; Elizabeth Yeu; Naveen Rao; Winston Chamberlain; Zachary Zavodni; Barry Lee; Julie Schallhorn; Sumit Garg; Francis S Mah; From the ASCRS Cornea Clinical Committee

doi:10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001414

EYELID MARGIN DISEASE (BLEPHARITIS AND MEIBOMIAN GLAND DYSFUNCTION): CLINICAL REVIEW OF EVIDENCE-BASED AND EMERGING TREATMENTS

J Cataract Refract Surg. 2024 Feb 6. doi: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001414. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Medical University of South Carolina, Storm Eye Institute.
² University of California, Irvine.
³ New York University, Langone.
⁴ Wills Eye Institute, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University.
⁵ Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
⁶ Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, VA.
⁷ Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston.
⁸ Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University.
⁹ The Eye Institute of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
¹⁰ Eye Consultants of Atlanta and Georgia Eye Bank, Atlanta, Georgia.
¹¹ Department of Ophthalmology and Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco.
¹² Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine.
¹³ Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California.

PMID: 38350160
DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001414

Abstract

Blepharitis is a common ophthalmic condition with multiple etiologies and no definitive, universal treatment. The treatment modalities for managing lid margin diseases vary depending on the disease's cause, location, and severity. For anterior blepharitis, management options include eyelid hygiene with warm compresses, eyelid scrubs, baby shampoo, and over-the-counter eyelid cleansers. Topical antibiotics and antibiotic-steroid combination drops/ointments for the eye and eyelid may accompany these. For posterior blepharitis/meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), at-home warm compress or in-office administration of heat therapy/thermal pulsation treatment that aims to clear obstruction in the meibomian glands and restore meibum secretions to maintain a healthy tear film, are recommended. In addition to the above treatment strategies, various other compounds to manage lid margin diseases are in the late stages of development. This review summarizes the available treatment modalities or those in the pipeline for treating blepharitis and MGD.