LncRNA-mediated orchestrations of alternative splicing in the landscape of breast cancer

Abstract

Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental post-transcriptional process in eukaryotes, enabling a single gene to generate diverse mRNA transcripts, thereby enhancing protein variability. This process involves the excision of introns and the joining of exons in pre-mRNA(s) to form mature mRNA. The resulting mature mRNAs exhibit various combinations of exons, contributing to functional diversity. Dysregulation of AS can substantially modulate protein functions, impacting the onset and progression of numerous diseases, including cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are distinct from protein-coding RNAs and consist of short and long types. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in regulating several cellular processes, particularly alternative splicing, according to new research. This review provides insight into the latest discoveries concerning how lncRNAs influence alternative splicing within the realm of breast cancer. Additionally, it explores potential therapeutic strategies focused on targeting lncRNAs.

Keywords: Alternative splicing; Breast cancer; Drug resistance; Long non-coding RNAs; Therapeutics strategies.